What is extirpation?

Extirpation refers to the local extinction of a species from a specific region, meaning that while the species may still exist in other areas, it has been completely removed from that particular location. Therefore, the correct identification of extirpation aligns with the explanation provided, as it is closely related to habitat loss leading to the loss of species within that specific area.

In contrast, the option addressing total extinction of a species refers to a much broader context where a species ceases to exist entirely on the planet, which is different from local extinction. The introduction of species to a new habitat suggests an action that could potentially restore or enhance biodiversity, rather than a removal process. Lastly, the rebuilding of an ecosystem implies active restoration efforts rather than the concept of a species being removed from a specific locale, which is central to understanding extirpation.