What are autotrophs?

Autotrophs are defined as organisms that synthesize their own food, typically through processes such as photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. This capability allows them to convert inorganic substances into organic compounds, providing not only their own energy but also serving as a primary source of energy for other organisms within an ecosystem. For instance, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis. This self-sustaining process is fundamental for life on Earth, as it forms the base of the food chain.

The mention of photosynthesis as a primary method for autotrophs underscores their role in ecosystems as producers. While some autotrophs utilize chemical energy from inorganic materials, the key distinction is their ability to create organic compounds from non-organic sources independently. This contrasts with heterotrophs, which must consume other organisms to obtain their nutrients.